Larkana, with its Sindhi name Larkano and Urdu name Larkana, is a city situated in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It holds the distinction of being the 15th largest city in Pakistan in terms of population. Larkana is renowned as the home of the historic Mohenjo-Daro, an Indus Valley civilization site. The city is bordered by the majestic Indus River, flowing to the east and south.
Graana.com has prepared a detailed guide on Larkana including its history, notable landmarks, cultural heritage, and modern developments that make Larkana a must-visit destination.
History of Larkana
Larkana finds its place within the boundaries of the Larkana District. Previously known as “Chandka,” the city is located on the southern bank of the Ghar canal, approximately 40 miles (64 km) south of Shikarpur and 36 miles (58 km) northeast of Mehar.
The 2017 Census of Pakistan reported a population of 490,508 for Larkana, making it the fourth most populous city in the Sindh province, following Karachi, Hyderabad, and Sukkur. The census also ranked Larkana as the fifteenth largest city in Pakistan.
Location
Geographically, Larkana is positioned at Latitude 24 56′ 00′ and Longitude 67 11′ 00′. It lies in the northwest part of the Sindh province and has its administrative division. The city is also encompassed within the Upper Sindh region.
The Administrative System
The administrative system of Larkana is headed by the Deputy Commissioner, who serves as the key authority in the district. Currently, Ms Rabia Sial holds the position of Deputy Commissioner in Larkana, overseeing various administrative functions and ensuring smooth governance.
Subdivisions
Larkana district is further divided into several talukas for efficient administration. These talukas include:
- Dokri
- Bakrani
- Larkana
- Ratodero
Each taluka has its administrative setup to cater to the needs and requirements of the local population.
Education
Larkana boasts a diverse educational landscape, with both old and new schools, colleges, and universities catering to students of all ages and genders. The city is home to numerous private and public educational institutions. Here are some notable ones:
Government Pilot School, Larkana
Established in 1926 by the British colonists, this school has a long-standing history of providing quality education.
Girls High School
A renowned educational institution specifically catering to girls’ education.
Public School Larkana
A well-established school known for its academic excellence.
Deeni Madrasa High School
A school that combines religious education with mainstream academic subjects.
Government Degree College
A college offering undergraduate education to students. In addition to schools and colleges, Larkana also has technical institutes like the Polytechnic Institute and Teachers’ Training College, providing specialised vocational training to students.
Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST)
SZABIST opened its first campus in Larkana in 2004, offering degrees in various disciplines such as business administration, arts, and management.
Chandka Medical College (CMC)
Established in 1973, CMC is a prestigious medical college recognized by the Pakistan Medical & Dental Council (PMDC). It is now upgraded to Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University.
Quaid-e-Awam University College of Engineering Science & Technology (QUCEST)
Established in 2009, QUEST offers bachelor’s degrees in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, and electrical engineering. These educational institutions contribute significantly to the academic and intellectual development of Larkana’s residents.
Transportation
Larkana enjoys convenient transportation options, connecting it to other parts of Sindh and Pakistan. The city has a well-established railway station, Larkana Railway Station, which facilitates travel to various destinations. Pakistan Railways plays a vital role in transporting agricultural products from Larkana to the provincial capital, Karachi.
For air travel, Moenjodaro Airport is located near Larkana, approximately 28 km south of the city. It provides domestic flight services and contributes to the accessibility of the region. Moreover, Larkana is well-connected through land routes, with regular bus services to major cities like Karachi, Islamabad, and Quetta, ensuring easy travel for both residents and visitors.
Sports
Larkana has a vibrant sports culture and has hosted various sporting events over the years. The city was the birthplace of the Sindh Games, an event that showcases a wide range of sports and traditional games.
Larkana hosted the 12th Sindh Games in 2009, featuring sports such as football, gymnastics, hockey, judo, karate, squash, table tennis, tennis, volleyball, weightlifting, and wushu. Traditional games like kodi kodi, and shooting, were also included, adding a touch of cultural significance to the event.
Cricket holds a special place in Larkana’s sports scene, with the city being home to the Larkana Bulls cricket team. Additionally, the Larkana Tennis Association provides a dedicated tennis court and coaching facilities for aspiring tennis players in the city.
Climate
Larkana has a hot desert climate as per the Köppen climate classification (BWh). The summer season is extremely hot, whereas the winter season is relatively mild. The maximum temperature ever recorded in Larkana was 52.7 °C (126.9 °F) in May 1998, while the lowest temperature ever recorded was −4 °C (24.8 °F) in January 1929.
The region receives an average annual rainfall of 127.4 mm (5.02 in), which usually occurs during the monsoon season from July to September. In the year 2022, the annual rainfall in Larkana broke all records and reached 988.7 mm (38.93 in). Some areas of the city experienced rainfall of over 1000 mm. On the other hand, the lowest annual rainfall ever recorded was 7.1 mm (0.28 in) in the year 1938.
Architectural Gems
One of the architectural gems of Larkana is the Shahi Mosque, a magnificent structure that stands as a testament to the city’s rich cultural heritage. Built during the reign of the Mughal Empire, this mosque boasts intricate designs, awe-inspiring domes, and beautiful calligraphy adorning its walls. Visitors can immerse themselves in the serenity of this sacred place and admire the architectural brilliance of the past.
The Tomb of Shah Baharo
Another noteworthy attraction is the Tomb of Shah Baharo, a mausoleum dedicated to a Sufi saint. This architectural marvel showcases a fusion of Islamic and Mughal architectural styles, with exquisite carvings and elaborate decorations. The tranquil atmosphere surrounding the tomb provides a peaceful sanctuary for reflection and spiritual contemplation.
Must-Visit Tourist Attractions
The following are the tourist attractions in Larkana:
Mohenjo-Daro
Mohenjo-Daro, a must-visit attraction near Larkana, is an archaeological marvel that transports you back in time. This ancient city was once a thriving urban centre, boasting well-planned streets, drainage systems, and impressive structures. Explore the ruins, marvel at the Great Bath, and witness the intricate craftsmanship of the ancient inhabitants.
Shahbaz Khan Mosque
Shahbaz Khan Mosque, located in the heart of Larkana, is a masterpiece of architectural brilliance. Built during the reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, it showcases a harmonious blend of Mughal and Sindhi architectural styles. Admire the intricate calligraphy, delicate tile work, and the grandeur of the mosque’s design.
Lal Shahbaz Qalandar Shrine
For those seeking spiritual solace, a visit to the Lal Shahbaz Qalandar Shrine is a must. Dedicated to the Sufi saint Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, this shrine is a revered pilgrimage site. Experience the mesmerising qawwalis (devotional music) and witness the vibrant atmosphere of faith and devotion.
Garhi Khuda Bakhsh
Garhi Khuda Bakhsh is the final resting place of the Bhutto family, a prominent political dynasty in Pakistan. Pay homage to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, and his daughter Benazir Bhutto, the first female Prime Minister of a Muslim-majority country. The mausoleum holds historical significance and serves as a reminder of their contributions to the nation.
Exploring Local Culture and Traditions
The following are some of the local culture and traditions:
Sindhi Ajrak and Topi
Immerse yourself in the local culture by donning the traditional attire of Larkana. The Sindhi Ajrak, a beautifully block-printed shawl, and the Sindhi Topi, an intricately embroidered cap, are symbols of Sindhi identity. These vibrant garments reflect a rich cultural heritage and are often worn on special occasions and festivals.
Urs Festivals
Join in the festivities of the annual Urs Festival, a celebration of Sufi saints. This vibrant event features devotional music, Sufi dances, and colourful processions. Furthermore, witness the spiritual fervour of the devotees as they pay homage to their revered saints.
Sindhi Handicrafts
Explore the bustling markets of Larkana and discover a plethora of Sindhi handicrafts. From intricately embroidered textiles to handmade pottery and lacquer work, these artisanal treasures make for unique souvenirs. Support the local artisans and take home a piece of Larkana’s rich cultural heritage.
Conclusion
Larkana, with its rich history, architectural marvels, vibrant culture, and modern developments, offers an enticing blend of the past and present. From exploring the ancient ruins of Mohenjo-Daro to immersing oneself in the tranquillity of the Shahi Mosque, the city presents an array of experiences for history enthusiasts, architecture aficionados, and cultural explorers. Come and discover the hidden treasures of Larkana, a city that promises to leave an indelible mark on your journey through Pakistan’s cultural landscape.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How can I reach Larkana?
To reach Larkana, you can take a domestic flight to the Moenjodaro Airport, which is the nearest airport to the city. Alternatively, you can travel by train or bus from major cities in Pakistan.
2. What is the best time to visit Larkana?
The best time to visit Larkana is during the winter season, from November to February when the weather is pleasant and comfortable for sightseeing.
3. Are there accommodation options in Larkana?
Yes, Larkana offers a range of accommodation options, including hotels, guesthouses, and resorts. You can choose according to your budget and preferences.
4. Is it safe to visit Larkana?
Larkana is generally a safe city for tourists. However, it is always advisable to take necessary precautions and adhere to local guidelines for a safe and enjoyable trip.
5. Can I hire a local guide in Larkana?
Yes, hiring a local guide is a great way to enhance your experience in Larkana. Moreover, they can provide in-depth knowledge about the city’s history, culture, and attractions.
6. Is photography allowed at archaeological sites?
Photography is generally allowed at most archaeological sites in Larkana. However, it is advisable to check the rules and regulations specific to each site before taking photographs.
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