Located on Lytton Road, Old Anarkali, Lahore, Jain Mandir was constructed in the late 1930s or early 1940s, showcasing the distinctive Shikhara style. The mandir bears witness to the significant presence of Jains in Lahore’s history, with numerous temples once gracing the city. Unfortunately, many of them were abandoned over time, leaving the Jain Mandir on Lytton Road as a reminder of a bygone era.
Join Graana.com as we delve into the history, features, and the tale of demolition and reconstruction of historical Jain mandir in Lahore.
Location of Jain Mandir Lahore
The Jain Mandir in Lahore is strategically located on Lytton Road, Old Anarkali, a central and historically significant area of Lahore. Nestled near the planetarium and close to Old Anar Kali, the temple’s prime location makes it easily accessible for locals and visitors alike.
Notably the unfortunate incident following the Babri Masjid demolition in 1992, where the Jain Mandir in Lahore suffered significant damage, the recent years have brought a positive turn of events. Also, the authorities, recognising the historical and cultural importance of the temple, started a commendable project.
However, today, after meticulous efforts and a dedicated reconstruction process, the Jain Mandir proudly stands tall once again, symbolising resilience and the preservation of Pakistan’ rich cultural heritage.
History
Constructed in the late 1930s or early 1940s, the temple fell victim to misconceptions associating Jainism with Hinduism. The remnants of its dome endured for about thirty years, casting a shadow over the temple’s fate.
Besides, the post-Partition era in 1947 ushered in a period of neglect for the temple, mirroring the mass migration of Jains to India.
Demolition of Jain Mandir
The Jain Mandir in Lahore witnessed a tragic chapter in its history with its demolition in 1992. An angry mob targeted the temple in retaliation for the Babri mosque demolition in India.
The mob employed various means, including bulldozers, hammers, bricks, and even bare hands, leading to the destruction of significant parts of the temple. The cone-shaped structure, once a symbol of cultural and religious diversity, lay desecrated for over two decades.
Reconstruction of Jain Mandir
In a positive turn of events, efforts were initiated for the reconstruction of the Jain Mandir in Lahore. Following the Supreme Court’s orders in December 2021, the Evacuee Trust Property Board (ETPB) took charge of the restoration project.
This included the creation of a strong foundation and lifting the surviving portion through a crane onto a raised platform. Also, the incorporation of sewerage lines, CCTV cameras, new gates, and restored pigeon holes was a part of this.
Fortunately, an investment of approximately Rs5 million, successfully revitalised the Jain Mandir, allowing it to reopen its doors to the public, thus reclaiming its place in Lahore’s cultural landscape.
Features of Jain Mandir Lahore
The Jain Mandir, distinguished by its unique Shikhara style translating to “mountain peak” in Sanskrit, is marked by intricate architectural details. These details include religious motifs and etchings that intricately adorn the structure, adding a spiritual dimension to its aesthetic appeal.
Notably, the temple’s courtyards are integral to its design, providing tranquil spaces within the complex. Constructed in 1940 by a woman, as highlighted by Punjabi author Iqbal Qaiser, the Jain Mandir stands as a testament to both historical and feminine influences in its creation. The cone-shaped structure, an original part of the complex, features intricate designs on wooden balconies, creating a harmonious blend of artistry and spirituality.
On the other hand, the narrowing tower, adorned with various motifs and etchings of religious significance, along with the adjacent courtyards, adds depth and cultural richness to the Jain Mandir’s architectural splendour. In essence, the temple not only reflects historical and feminine influences but also embodies a seamless integration of art and spirituality.
Historic and Tourist Significance of Jain Mandir:
- Cultural Heritage: The Jain Mandir is integral to Lahore’s cultural heritage, symbolising a connection to the city’s history.
- Restoration and Reopening: Despite periods of neglect and damage, the temple underwent restoration and officially reopened in 2022.
- Religious Importance: The temple holds historical and religious significance for the Jain community, serving as a spiritual centre.
- Promoting Tourism: Recognizing the broader impact, a Hindu leader emphasised the need to protect such structures to attract foreigners and promote religious tourism.
- Symbol of Resilience: The reopening of the Jain Mandir reflects not just architectural restoration but a revitalised presence, symbolising the resilience of Lahore’s cultural tapestry.
Recent Shift in Perspective & Minority Rights
Sitla Mandir, initially attacked in 1992, transformed into a triple-storey structure catering to increased demand.
Civil Society Concerns
Appeals for Jain Mandir’s restoration or reconstruction echo, highlighting its global image significance. Civil society, in 2016, protested under UNESCO to preserve historical sites, including the Jain Mandir.
Political Involvement
In 2016, Mian Mehmood Ur Rasheed demanded an inquiry into the Jain Mandir demolition, condemning the government for neglecting Lahore’s heritage. No doubt, political decisions’ impact on historical landmarks in Pakistan is undeniable.
Legal Perspective
Justice Tasaduq Jilani’s pivotal judgement on minorities’ rights, if implemented, could have averted the demolition. In 2014, the Supreme Court of Pakistan, recognising the need for safeguarding minority rights, mandated the formation of a National Council for Minorities’ Rights. certainly, the court underscored the importance of preventive measures and directed the federal government to actively promote religious tolerance.
Recent Developments & Current State
In December 2021, the Supreme Court of Pakistan issued a groundbreaking order for the immediate reconstruction of the Jain Mandir. The extensive reconstruction efforts included foundational construction, lifting the surviving dome, laying sewerage lines, installing CCTV cameras, and completing landscaping and wall plastering. The surrounding area underwent a transformation, now serving as a public space, enhancing the temple’s accessibility and community engagement.
Following the completion of the reconstruction, the Jain Mandir officially reopened its doors for religious rites last month. The temple, once desecrated, underwent a remarkable transformation. Its resurfacing in the cityscape elevated it to the status of a notable landmark. This symbolises cultural revival and religious tolerance.
Notably, the location continued to be widely recognised as Jain Mandar Chowk. This preserves the enduring identity and historical significance of the temple. Interestingly, a tire repair person continued to occupy the area outside.
Frequently Asked Questions
Following are some of the FAQs on Jain Mandir Lahore:
1. What is Jain Mandir Lahore?
Jain Mandir Lahore is a historical temple located on Lytton Road in Old Anarkali, Lahore, known for its distinctive cone-shaped structure.
2. Who Constructed Jain Mandir Lahore?
According to Punjabi author Iqbal Qaiser, the temple was constructed by a woman in 1940.
3. What Architectural Style Does Jain Mandir Lahore Follow?
The temple follows the Shikhara architectural style, characterised by a tapering tower, religious motifs, and courtyards.
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