Situated in KPK, Pakistan, Besham is a lesser-known city that boasts a rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning natural beauty. Off the typical tourist path, Besham is an ideal spot for those who enjoy exploring less-travelled destinations.
In this blog, Graana.com will take a closer look at Besham city and its unique qualities that make it a must-visit for anyone seeking an authentic Pakistani experience.
Location
Besham City is located along the river Indus banks, sitting at an altitude of 906 metres above the sea level. It’s nestled in the heart of the Karakoram Range, a striking mountain range. The city is a key point along the Karakoram Highway, connecting Pakistan and China, and the highway cuts through its main marketplace, making it a bustling commercial centre.
The river Indus runs through the city, providing water for irrigation and serving as a source of hydroelectric power. The surrounding mountains are home to several glaciers, including the Shishper Glacier, the largest in the region.
History of Besham City
Besham City boasts a rich history that stretches back to the 2nd century BC, during the Gandhara civilisation. It was once a significant hub of Buddhist culture and spirituality. Over the years, Besham saw the rule of multiple empires, including the Mauryan, Mughals, and British, each leaving the mark on the city.
In the 19th century, Besham gained importance as a crucial stop along the Silk Road, where traders and merchants converged for business. The bustling marketplace played a pivotal role in facilitating trade and cultural exchange between the East and West. Today, remnants of its historical significance can be seen in the ancient ruins and landmarks scattered throughout the area.
Besham is known for its cultural diversity, with Pashtuns, Kohistani, and Gujjars coexisting, each with their own distinct traditions and languages. The cultural fusion has created a unique and harmonious blend of lifestyles and practices. The city is also celebrated for its vibrant music and dance traditions, which continue to thrive.
During the British colonial period, Besham served as an essential stop on the Grand Trunk Road, connecting Peshawar and Lahore. It offered rest and refuge for travellers and traders, with a British-built post office that remain to this day. Nearby, historical treasures like the Buddhist ruins of Takht-i-Bahi and the imposing Jamrud Fort stand as testaments to the region’s rich cultural heritage.
Demographics and Economy of Besham
Besham, a city of approximately 105,000 residents, is a testament to cultural diversity and economic vibrancy. Predominantly inhabited by Pashtuns who converse in the official language of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pashto, the city also hosts a significant number of Hindko speakers, mainly clustered around the lively bazaar area.
The city’s economic landscape is firmly anchored in agriculture and commerce. The rich and fecund lands surrounding Besham yield staples such as wheat and corn, alongside delectable fruits like apricots and apples, sustaining local communities and contributing to regional trade. Besham is a bustling trading hub, attracting merchants from afar who converge to engage in the exchange of goods.
Recent developments, notably the Karakoram Highway construction, have spurred tourism, breathing new life into the regional economy. Besham now offers a range of amenities to cater to visitors, including restaurants, eatries, and shops. Local tour operators have capitalised on this tourism surge, providing guided expeditions into the neighbouring mountains, further boosting economic activities in Besham.
In essence, Besham’s demographics reflect cultural diversity, while its economy thrives on a dynamic blend of traditional agriculture and burgeoning trade and tourism.
Culture, Food & Festivals in Besham
Besham’s culture is a fusion of Pashtun and Hindko traditions, reflecting its diverse population. The city’s bustling bazaar serves as a social and cultural hub, where locals and visitors gather for various activities.
Local Food Delights
Besham’s culinary scene offers a delightful taste of traditional Pakistani cuisine. Visitors can savour dishes such as biryani, kebabs, and pulao. Local specialties like Chapshoro, a savoury pastry filled with minced meat and vegetables, add to the city’s culinary charm. Tea, often infused with cardamom and spices, is a beloved beverage.
Diverse Cultural Expressions
Besham’s diverse ethnic groups express their unique traditions through clothing, music, and dance. These cultural expressions come alive during various festivals and celebrations held in the city.
Tourist Attractions in Besham
Besham, located along the Karakoram Highway, is a popular spot for tourists seeking natural beauty and historical sites in KPK. Nestled in a scenic valley surrounded by snow-capped mountains, the city offers a range of attractions:
- 1. Shatial Rock Carvings: The Shatial Rock Carvings are a highlight, showcasing ancient artistry dating back to the 1st century AD. These carvings offer a glimpse into the region’s history and natural beauty.
- 2. Natural Beauty: Besham’s surroundings are a paradise for nature lovers. The Indus River flows through the city, and nearby Kaghan Valley and Naran Valley provide opportunities for hiking, camping, and trekking.
- 3. Besham Fort: Built during the British colonial era, Besham Fort offers sweeping views of the landscape. It’s a great spot for photography, allowing visitors to capture the city’s beauty.
- 4. Local Bazaars and Markets: Besham’s lively markets provide a taste of local culture and cuisine. Visitors can explore daily life, sample local dishes, and shop for souvenirs, immersing themselves in the city’s community.
Besham’s tourist attractions offer a blend of history, natural wonders, and cultural experiences, making it an inviting destination for all types of travellers.
Besham City Weather & Climate
Besham experiences a mild and generally warm temperate climate, classified as a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) according to the Köppen climate classification. The city maintains an average temperature of around 20.7 °C, with an annual precipitation of approximately 842 mm.
Even during the driest months, there is a notable amount of rainfall. November stands as the driest month, with just 18 mm of precipitation, while August, the wettest month, witnesses an average precipitation of 138 mm.
The hottest period of the year in Besham falls in June, with an average temperature of 30.6 °C. Conversely, the coldest month is January, where temperatures dip to an average of 8.9 °C.
Islamabad to Besham Route
The drive from Islamabad to Besham covers 275 kilometres and usually takes about 8 to 9 hours, allowing for stops along the way. The route includes notable stops at Abbottabad and Taxila, with a well-maintained road. After passing Abbottabad, travellers can enjoy scenic views of terraced rice and maize fields.
As the journey continues, the landscape changes, with mountains growing taller, especially after reaching Thakot, where the mighty Indus River comes into view. Besham, a small town along the banks of the Indus River, is a significant point on the Karakoram Highway.
Besham to Gilgit Route
The drive from Besham to Gilgit spans 330 kilometres along the Karakoram Highway, offering a scenic and picturesque journey. This route is known for its breathtaking beauty and provides travellers with captivating views of the surrounding landscapes.
In conslusion, Besham, Pakistan, is a hidden gem with a rich history, diverse culture, and stunning natural beauty. Its strategic location along the Karakoram Highway and unique blend of traditions make it an ideal destination for those seeking an authentic Pakistani experience.
This was all about the Besham city. For more information, visit Graana.com.
