Takht-i-Bahi is an archaeological site located in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is an ancient Buddhist monastic complex that dates back to the 1st century B.C. and was once a center of learning for Buddhist monks.
The site features well-preserved stupas, shrines, and monasteries and is considered one of the region’s best examples of Buddhist architecture. Today, Takht-i-Bahi is a popular tourist attraction protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Location
Takht-i-Bahi is located in the Mardan district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is situated on a hilltop in the country’s northwestern region, approximately 40 kilometers from Mardan city and 120 kilometers from Peshawar, the capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
History
During the reign of the Buddhist Kushan Empire, Takht-i-Bahi served as a major center of Buddhist religious and cultural activities. After the decline of Buddhism in the region, the complex was abandoned and eventually fell into ruins.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Takht-i-Bahi was rediscovered by British archaeologists, who conducted extensive excavations and restoration work at the site. It provides valuable insights into the history of Buddhism in the region.
How to reach Takht-i-Bahi?
The following are the different modes of transportation to reach Takht-i-Bahi:
By Air
The nearest airport is the Islamabad International Airport, which is approximately 135 kilometers away from Mardan. You can take a taxi or rent a car to reach Takht-i-Bahi.
By Train
The nearest railway station is in Mardan, which is well-connected to major cities in Pakistan. You can take a taxi or local transportation from Mardan to reach Takht-i-Bahi.
By Road
Takht-i-Bahi is well connected to major cities in Pakistan, including Islamabad and Peshawar. You can drive or take a local bus or taxi to the site.
Once you reach Mardan, you can take a local taxi or rent a car to reach Takht-i-Bahi, which is approximately 8 kilometers away from the city. The site is well-marked and easy to find, and several local guides are available to take you on a tour of the complex.
Things to do at Takht-i-Bahi
If you’re visiting Takht-i-Bahi, there are several things you can do to make the most of your experience:
Explore the ruins
Walk around the site and explore the well-preserved ruins of monasteries, stupas, and shrines.
Learn about the history
Visit the on-site museum to learn about the history of Takht-i-Bahi and its role in spreading Buddhism in ancient India.
Take a guided tour
A guided tour of the site is a great way to learn more about the significance of Takht-i-Bahi and the history of Buddhism in the region.
Enjoy the scenic views
Takht-i-Bahi is located on a hilltop and offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape. Take a walk or sit and enjoy the scenery.
Visit the nearby sites
There are several other ancient Buddhist sites located near Takht-i-Bahi, including the ruins of the city of Jamal Garhi and the Bhamala Stupa. Consider visiting these sites to understand the region’s rich cultural heritage.
Places to Visit Near Takht-i-Bahi
There are several nearby places that you can visit, including
Mardan
It is the nearest city located 8 kilometers from Takht-i-Bahi. It is a historic city with many ancient sites and monuments to explore.
Balahisar Fort
One of the most famous forts in Pakistan, Balahisar fort, is located in the heart of Peshawar, approximately 60 kilometers from Takht-i-Bahi.
Bala Hisar Museum
A museum located inside Balahisar Fort showcases the region’s rich cultural and historical heritage.
Mahabat Khan Mosque
A 17th-century mosque in the center of Peshawar, known for its intricate architecture and unique design.
Qissa Khwani Bazaar
Qissa Khwani Bazaar, a busy market in Peshawar, is known for its traditional crafts and textiles.
Mahabat Khan Park
A beautiful park located in the heart of Peshawar, featuring several historic monuments and attractions.
The Architecture
Takht-i-Bahi is known for its well-preserved and unique architecture, which reflects the influences of Greek, Persian, and Indian styles. The architectural style at Takht-i-Bahi is a mix of Hellenistic, Gandhara, and Buddhist styles, which were typical of the region during the 1st century BC.
The main structures at Takht-i-Bahi include monasteries, stupas, shrines, and courtyards built around a central courtyard. The monasteries are characterized by their rectangular layouts and high walls, which provide privacy and seclusion for the monks.
The stupas at Takht-i-Bahi are some of the region’s most prominent and best-preserved examples of Buddhist architecture and feature intricate carvings and sculptures.
The shrines at Takht-i-Bahi are small, square buildings used for private worship and meditation. They are decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures and feature domed roofs that are supported by columns.
Overall, the architecture at Takht-i-Bahi is considered a valuable example of the fusion of different cultural and architectural styles and provides valuable insights into the history of Buddhism in ancient Pakistan.
FAQs related to Takht-i-Bahi
Following are some of the frequently asked questions.
Who founded Takht-i-Bahi?
It is believed to have been established during the reign of the Buddhist Kushan Empire in the 1st century BC. The complex was a major center of Buddhist religious and cultural activities and was home to numerous monasteries, stupas, and shrines. During this time, Takht-i-Bahi played a crucial role in the spread of Buddhism in the region.
What is the meaning of Takht-i-Bahi?
Takht-i-Bahi is a Persian phrase that translates to “Throne of the Water Spring.” The site is named after the numerous springs and water sources once in the area.
Takht-i-Bahi was an essential water source for the Buddhist monks who lived and worked at the site, and the name reflects the significance of water in the community’s daily life.
How old is Takht-i-Bahi?
The exact age of the site remains unknown, but it is considered one of the region’s oldest and most well-preserved Buddhist monastic complexes.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this place is a fascinating and unique place to visit and provides a unique opportunity to learn about the history of Buddhism in ancient Pakistan and the region’s rich cultural heritage.
Whether you’re a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply looking for a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of modern life, Takht-i-Bahi is a must-visit destination.
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